LibraZiK-4 manual - The kernels
The kernel represents the nerve center or the backbone of your system.
On LibraZiK-4, you can use different kernels which we will categorize into three types here:
The “basic” linux kernel is a “basic” kernel. On LibraZiK-4, the “basic” kernels are provided directly by Debian.
These “basic” kernels are not meant to be efficient in terms of audio production (although they may be sufficient depending on the audio production task performed). LibraZiK-4 therefore provides two other types of kernels which we will see below.
The low-latency (bl 1)) linux kernels provided by LibraZiK-4 are designed to have low latency for digital audio work. These are the ones you will want to use in the vast majority of cases for a digital audio production context.
The “real-time” (rt) linux kernels are even more optimized for low latency. However, they may have compatibility problems with some graphics card drivers.
Debian provides some, and LibraZiK-4 also provides some. The differences between the two are that the LibraZiK-4 RT kernels use certain kernel compiler options that make them more suitable for audio production than the Debian RT kernels. See below.
Note that in 95% of the cases, you don't need a “real-time” kernel, the low-latency kernel being more than enough. The problem here is to say that “oh well yes, but me I am part of the 5% who need it”. No. You are certainly not that special. Sorry to tell you so dryly here . Use a low-latency_kernel, it will be more than enough and you'll avoid other worries.
You should only use an RT if you really and seriously know why you need it, and not because you read a page from 2008 on the web that says “no audio production possible under linux without a RT kernel” because things have changed a lot. If you try one, it's at your own risk!
Given the huge amount of work it takes to track, update and package a kernel permanently, LibraZiK-4 does not guarantee that kernels are permanently up to date for the time being.
The different kernels proposed by LibraZiK-4 are:
64-bit kernels names in Synaptic | 32-bit kernels names in Synaptic | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
regulars | PAE | |||
basic | linux-image-5.10.0-26-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-26-686 | linux-image-5.10.0-26-686-pae | Debian kernel, not configured for audio production |
low-latency LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-26-lzk-bl-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-26-lzk-bl-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-26-lzk-bl-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, BL and configured for MAO, RECOMMENDED kernel by LibraZiK |
real-time | linux-image-5.10.0-26-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-26-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-26-rt-686-pae | Debian kernel, RT but not configured for audio production |
real-time LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-26-lzk-rt-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-26-lzk-rt-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-26-lzk-rt-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, RT and configured for audio production |
. | ||||
Older kernels | ||||
basic | linux-image-5.10.0-25-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-25-686 | linux-image-5.10.0-25-686-pae | Debian kernel, not configured for audio production |
low-latency LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-25-lzk-bl-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-25-lzk-bl-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-25-lzk-bl-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, BL and configured for audio production |
real-time | linux-image-5.10.0-25-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-25-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-25-rt-686-pae | Debian kernel, RT but not configured for audio production |
real-time LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-25-lzk-rt-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-25-lzk-rt-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-25-lzk-rt-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, RT and configured for audio production |
basic | linux-image-5.10.0-23-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-23-686 | linux-image-5.10.0-23-686-pae | Debian kernel, not configured for audio production |
low-latency LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-23-lzk-bl-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-23-lzk-bl-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-23-lzk-bl-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, BL and configured for audio production |
real-time | linux-image-5.10.0-23-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-23-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-23-rt-686-pae | Debian kernel, RT but not configured for audio production |
real-time LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-23-lzk-rt-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-23-lzk-rt-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-23-lzk-rt-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, RT and configured for audio production |
basic | linux-image-5.10.0-22-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-22-686 | linux-image-5.10.0-22-686-pae | Debian kernel, not configured for audio production |
low-latency LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-22-lzk-bl-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-22-lzk-bl-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-22-lzk-bl-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, BL and configured for audio production |
real-time | linux-image-5.10.0-22-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-22-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-22-rt-686-pae | Debian kernel, RT but not configured for audio production |
real-time LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-22-lzk-rt-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-22-lzk-rt-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-22-lzk-rt-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, RT and configured for audio production |
basic | linux-image-5.10.0-20-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-20-686 | linux-image-5.10.0-20-686-pae | Debian kernel, not configured for audio production |
low-latency LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-20-lzk-bl-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-20-lzk-bl-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-20-lzk-bl-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, BL and configured for MAO |
real-time | linux-image-5.10.0-20-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-20-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-20-rt-686-pae | Debian kernel, RT but not configured for audio production |
real-time LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-20-lzk-rt-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-20-lzk-rt-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-20-lzk-rt-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, RT and configured for audio production |
basic | linux-image-5.10.0-18-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-18-686 | linux-image-5.10.0-18-686-pae | Debian kernel, not configured for audio production |
low-latency LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-18-lzk-bl-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-18-lzk-bl-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-18-lzk-bl-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, BL and configured for MAO |
real-time | linux-image-5.10.0-18-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-18-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-18-rt-686-pae | Debian kernel, RT but not configured for audio production |
real-time LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-18-lzk-rt-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-18-lzk-rt-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-18-lzk-rt-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, RT and configured for audio production |
basic | linux-image-5.10.0-14-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-14-686 | linux-image-5.10.0-14-686-pae | Debian kernel, not configured for audio production |
low-latency LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-14-lzk-bl-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-14-lzk-bl-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-14-lzk-bl-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, BL and configured for MAO |
real-time | linux-image-5.10.0-14-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-14-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-14-rt-686-pae | Debian kernel, RT but not configured for audio production |
real-time LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-14-lzk-rt-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-14-lzk-rt-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-14-lzk-rt-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, RT and configured for audio production |
basic | linux-image-5.10.0-13-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-13-686 | linux-image-5.10.0-13-686-pae | Debian kernel, not configured for audio production |
low-latency LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-13-lzk-bl-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-13-lzk-bl-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-13-lzk-bl-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, BL and configured for MAO |
real-time | linux-image-5.10.0-13-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-13-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-13-rt-686-pae | Debian kernel, RT but not configured for audio production |
real-time LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-13-lzk-rt-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-13-lzk-rt-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-13-lzk-rt-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, RT and configured for audio production |
basic | linux-image-5.10.0-11-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-11-686 | linux-image-5.10.0-11-686-pae | Debian kernel, not configured for audio production |
low-latency LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-11-lzk-bl-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-11-lzk-bl-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-11-lzk-bl-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, BL and configured for MAO |
real-time | linux-image-5.10.0-11-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-11-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-11-rt-686-pae | Debian kernel, RT but not configured for audio production |
real-time LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-11-lzk-rt-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-11-lzk-rt-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-11-lzk-rt-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, RT and configured for audio production |
basic | linux-image-5.10.0-10-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-10-686 | linux-image-5.10.0-10-686-pae | Debian kernel, not configured for audio production |
low-latency LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-10-lzk-bl-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-10-lzk-bl-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-10-lzk-bl-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, BL and configured for MAO |
real-time | linux-image-5.10.0-10-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-10-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-10-rt-686-pae | Debian kernel, RT but not configured for audio production |
real-time LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-10-lzk-rt-amd64-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-10-lzk-rt-686-unsigned | linux-image-5.10.0-10-lzk-rt-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, RT and configured for audio production |
basic | linux-image-5.10.0-8-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-8-686 | linux-image-5.10.0-8-686-pae | Debian kernel, not configured for audio production |
low-latency LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-8-lzk-bl-amd64-unsigned | - | linux-image-5.10.0-8-lzk-bl-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, BL and configured for MAO |
real-time | linux-image-5.10.0-8-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-8-rt-amd64 | linux-image-5.10.0-8-rt-686-pae | Debian kernel, RT but not configured for audio production |
real-time LZK | linux-image-5.10.0-8-lzk-rt-amd64-unsigned | - | linux-image-5.10.0-8-lzk-rt-686-pae-unsigned | kernel from LibraZiK, RT and configured for audio production |
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This will depend on the system installed. If your system is a 32-bit system, then you will install a 32-bit kernel (686). If your system is a 64-bit system then you will install a 64-bit system (amd64). Please note that Synaptic will only offer you the kernels that your system can use anyway.
These 2 types of kernels are intended for 32-bit machines.
You can use a PAE kernel even on a system with less than 3.2G of RAM.
The non-PAE kernels are 1 or 2% faster than PAE kernels, so there is not much difference. the non-PAE kernels may improve the performance of old 32-bit machines with less than 3.2G of RAM (by 1 or 2%), but will not have much impact in most cases.
For 32-bit systems, LibraZiK-4 recommends using a PAE kernel (except in very precise and specific cases).
On LibraZiK-4, the kernels do not update automatically because it is an operation that you must control.
A kernel is installed like any other software thanks to the Synaptic package manager. See for that the tutorial : install a software with your Synaptic package manager. The packages to install are the “linux-image-xxxx” packages 2) .
Note that for a new kernel to be used, the machine must be rebooted.
The kernels from LibraZiK-4 are not updated automatically. You have to ask specifically for their installation with Synaptic.
Page | Description | Tags |
---|---|---|
Starting LibraZiK-4 | various notes concerning the start-up of LibraZiK-4 | tutoriel, tutoriel grub, tutoriel noyau, tutoriel systeme |
Démarrer LibraZiK-4 | diverses notes concernant le démarrage de LibraZiK-4 | tutoriel, tutoriel grub, tutoriel noyau, tutoriel systeme |
faire le ménage dans ses noyaux | Comment faire le ménage et supprimer certains de ses (vieux) noyaux ? | tutoriel, tutoriel noyau, tutoriel synaptic, a revoir |
Gestion des modules du noyau au démarrage | "blacklister" ou "forcer" un module du noyau | tutoriel, tutoriel noyau, tutoriel pluma, tutoriel mate, tutoriel systeme |